Session and message support can be combined in a collaborative application in at least two ways. The first, as illustrated by MUDs, is to allow users in a session to ``whisper'' some information to a subset of the users. A similar facility is provided by InternetChat, which allows users in a session to use regular mail to send URLs and other information to each other. Second, as suggested in [], a workflow system can automatically start a collaborative session as one of the tasks in the workflow. Taking the workflow example of candidate review, after all review forms have been mailed in, the system can automatically start a session-based application to hold a meeting among the reviewers.