All references in Formis99 for Pachycondyla harpax


Beattie, A.J. 1985. The evolutionary ecology of ant-plant mutualisms. Cambridge University Press.

Beckham, R.D. 1980. "A survey for pathogens associated with the ants of West Texas (especially the Solenopsis spp.).". M.S. thesis, Texas Tech University, 79 p.

Borgmeier, T. 1963. "Revision of the North American phorid flies.  Part I. The Phorinae, Aenigmatiinae, and Metopininae, except Megaselia (Diptera: Phoridae)." Stud. Entomol. 6:1-256.

Breene, R.G., R.L. Meagher, Jr., and D.A Dean. 1993. "Spiders (Araneae) and ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Texas sugarcane fields." Florida Entomol. 76:645-650.

Brown, W.L. 1957. "Ants from Laguna Ocotal (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 116:228-237.

Brown, W.L., Jr. 1988. "Data on Malpighian tubule numbers in ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." Pp. 17-27 in Advances in myrmecology, edited by J.C. Trager. E. J. Brill.

Camilo, G.R., and S.A. Phillips, Jr. 1990. "Evolution of ant communities in response to invasion by the fire ant Solenopsis invicta." Pp. 190-198 in Applied myrmecology: a world perspective, edited by R.K. Vander Meer, K. Jaffe, and A. Cedeno. Westview Press.

Claborn, D.M., and S.A. Phillips, Jr. 1986. "Temporal foraging activities of Solenopsis invicta (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and other predominant ants of central Texas." Southwest. Nat. 31:555-557.

Cokendolpher, J.C, and O.F. Francke. 1990. "The ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of western Texas. Part II. Subfamilies Ecitoninae, Ponerinae, Pseudomyrmecinae, Dolichoderinae, and Formicinae.". Special Publications, The Museum, Texas Tech University number 30, p. 1-76.

Cokendolpher, J.C. 1990. "The ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of western Texas. Part III.  Additions and corrections.". Special Publications, The Museum, Texas Tech University number 31, 19 p.

DeVries, P.J. 1991. "Mutualism between Thisbe irenea butterflies and ants, and the role of ant ecology in the evolution of larval-ant associations." Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 43:179-195.

Disney, R.H.L. 1994. Scuttle flies: The Phoridae. Chapman & Hall.

Feener, D.H., Jr. 1978. "Structure and organization of a litter foraging ant community: Roles of interference competition and parasitism.". Ph.D. dissert., University of Texas at Austin, 168 p.

Forel, A. 1909. "Ameisen aus Guatemala usw., Paraguay und Argentinien (Hym.)." Dtsch. Entomol. Z. 1909:239-269.

Gabba, A., and M. Pavan. 1970. "Researches on trail and alarm substances in ants." Pp. 161-195 in Advances in chemoreception. Vol. 1. Communication by chemical signals., edited by J.W. Johnston, Jr., D.G. Moulton, and A. Turk. Appleton-Century-Crofts.

García Pérez, J.A., A. Blanco Pinon, R. Mercado Hernandez, and M. Badii. 1997. "El comportamiento depredador de pachycondyla harpax fabr. sobre gnathamitermes tubiformans buckley en condiciones de cautiverio." Southwest Entomol 22(3):345-353.

Hebard, M. 1920. "A revision of the North American species of the genus myrmecophila (Orthoptera; Gryllidae; Myrmecophilinae)." Trans. Am. Entomol. Soc. 46:91-111.

Horvitz, C.C. 1980. "Seed dispersal and seedling demography of Calathea microcephala and Calathea ovandensis.". Ph.D. dissert., Northwestern University, 176 p.

—. 1981. "Analysis of how ant behaviors affect germination in a tropical myrmecochore Calathea microcephala (P. & E) Koernicke (Marantaceae): microsite selection and aril removal by neotropical ants, Odontomachus, Pachycondyla, and Solenopsis (Formicidae)." Oecologia 51:47-52.

Horvitz, C.C., and D.W. Schemske. 1986. "Seed dispersal of a neotropical myrmecochore: variation in removal rates and dispersal distance." Biotropica 18:319-323.

Huffman, F.R., and J.A. Harding. 1980. "Pitfall collected insects from various lower Rio Grande valley habitats." Southwest. Entomol. 5:33-46.

Hung, A.C.F., and S.B. Vinson. 1975. "Notes on the male reproductive system in ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." J. N. Y. Entomol. Soc. 83:192-197.

Hunt, J. H. 1983. "Foraging and morphology in ants: the role of vertebrate predators as agents of natural selection." Pp. 83-104 in Social Insects In The Tropics. Proceedings of the First International Symposium, edited by P. Jaisson. Presses de l'Université Paris XIII.

Jaffe, K. 1984. "Negentropy and the evolution of chemical recruitment in ants." J. Theor. Biol. 106:587-604.

Jeanne, R.L. 1979. "A latitudinal gradient in rates of ant predation." Ecology 60:1211-1224.

Kellogg, V.L. 1905. American insects. Henry Holt and Co.

—. 1908. American insects, 2nd ed. Henry Holt and Co.

—. 1914. American insects, 3rd ed. Henry Holt and Co.

Kempf, W.W. 1959. "Insecta Amapaensia - Hymenoptera: Formicidae." Stud. Entomol. 2:209-218.

—. 1961. "A survey of the ants of the soil fauna in Surinam (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." Stud. Entomol. 4:481-524.

Kistner, D.H. 1982. "The social insects' bestiary." Pp. 1-244 in Social insects, edited by H.R. Hermann. Academic Press.

Krafchick, B. 1959. "A comparative study of the male genitalia of North American ants (Formicidae) with emphasis on generic differences.". Ph.D. dissert., University of Maryland, 79 p.

Levings, S.C. 1983. "Seasonal, annual, and among-site variation in the ground ant community of a deciduous tropical forest: some causes of patchy species distributions." Ecol. Monogr. 53:435-455.

Levings, S.C., and N.R. Franks. 1982. "Patterns of nest dispersion in a tropical ground ant community." Ecology 63:338-344.

Luederwaldt, H. 1926. "Observações biologicas sobre formigas brasileiras, especialmente do estado de Sao Paulo." Rev. Mus. Paulista 14:185-304, 5 plates.

MacKay, W.P., R. M.A., A. B.H.C., R.R.A. D., D.A. González, and S.B. Vinson. 1991a. "Impact of the slashing and burning of a tropical rain forest on the native ant fauna (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." Sociobiology 18:257-268.

MacKay, W.P., S.D. Porter, D. Gonzalez, A. Rodriguez, H. Armendedo, A. Rebeles, and S.B. Vinson. 1991b. "A comparison of monogyne and polygyne populations of the tropical fire ant, Solenopsis geminata (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), in Mexico." J. Kansas Entomol. Soc. 63:611-615.

Majer, J.D., and J.H.C. Delabie. 1994. "Comparison of the ant communities of annually inundated and terra firme forests at Trombetas in the Brazilian Amazon." Insectes Soc. 41:343-359.

Mann, W.M. 1922. "Ants from Honduras and Guatemala." Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus. 61:1-54.

Michener, C.D., and M.H. Michener. 1951. American social insects: A book about bees, ants, wasps and termites. Van Nostrand.

Moser, J.C., and M.S. Blum. 1960. "The Formicidae of Louisiana." Insect Cond. La. 3:48-50.

Nyffeler, M., D.A. Dean, and W.L Sterling. 1987. "Feeding ecology of the orb-weaving spider Argiope aurantia [Araneae: Araneidae] in a cotton agroecosystem." Entomophaga 32:367-375.

Overal, W.L. 1987. "Defensive chemical weaponry in the ant Pachycondyla harpax (Formicidae: Ponerinae)." J. Entomol. Sci. 22:268-269.

Phillips, S.A., Jr., S.R. Jones, D.M. Claborn, and J.C Cokendolpher. 1986. "Effect of Pro-Drone, an insect growth regulator, on Solenopsis invicta Buren and nontarget ants." Southwest. Entomol. 11:287-293.

Phillips, S.A., Jr., W.M. Rogers, D.B. Wester, and L. Chandler. 1987. "Ordination analysis of ant faunae along the range expansion front of the red imported fire ant in south-central Texas." Tex. J. Agric. Nat. Resour. 1:11-15.

Porter, S.D., and D.A. Savignano. 1990. "Invasion of polygyne fire ants decimates native ants and disrupts arthropod community." Ecology 71:2095-2106.

Rogers, W.M. 1984. "Variations in seasonal abundance of the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren, in relation to other ant species of central Texas.". M.S. thesis, Texas Tech University, 46 p.

Ross, G.N. 1966. "Life-history studies on Mexican butterflies.  IV. The ecology and ethology of Anatole rossi, a myrmecophilous metalmark (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae)." Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 59:985-1004.

Schmitz, H. 1914a. "Die myrmecophilen Phoriden der Wasmann'schen Sammlung.  Mit Beschreibung neuer Gattungen und Arten und einem Verzeichnis aller bis Anfang 1914 bekannten myrmecophilen und termitophilen Phoriden." Zool. Jahrb. System. 37:509-66, Taf. 29-30.

—. 1914b. "Zusammenstellung der bis Ende 1913 beschriebenen myrmekophilen und termitophilen Phoriden.". Mededelingen Natuurhistorisch Genootschap in Limburg, p. 123-33.

Schubart, O. 1950. "Ameisen und Diplopoden in ihren gegenseitigen Beziehungen." Rev. Entomol. (Rio de Janeiro) 21:615-622.

Tennant, L.E. 1994. "Ecology of a facultative ant-plant "mutualism".". Ph.D. dissert., Harvard University, 176 p.

Wheeler, D.E., and S.C. Levings. 1988. "The impact of the 1983 El Niño drought on the litter arthropods of Barro Colorado Island, Panama." Pp. 309-326 in Advances in myrmecology, edited by J.C. Trager. E. J. Brill.

Wheeler, G.C., and J. Wheeler. 1985. "A checklist of Texas ants." Prairie Nat. 17:49-64.

Wheeler, W.M. 1900a. "The habits of Myrmecophila nebrascensis Bruner." Psyche 9:111-115.

—. 1900b. "A study of some Texan Ponerinae." Biol. Bull. (Woods Hole) 2:1-31.

—. 1901. "An extraordinary ant-guest." Am. Nat. 35:1007-16.

Williams, Jr., E.C. 1941. "An ecological study of the floor fauna of the Panama rain forest." Bull. Chicago Acad. Sci. 6:63-124.

Wilson, E.O. 1963. "The social biology of ants." Annu. Rev. Entomol. 8:345-368.