Excerpts from W. C. Brownlee, Popery the Enemy of Civil and Religious Liberty, J. S. Taylor, New York, 1836. This material has been copied or scanned in. All italics are omitted. page 39 But the voice of a thousand years' history has uttered the solemn and alarming fact, that the Roman Catholic religion, in every kingdom and country where it has had the majority of numbers, has invariably grasped the civil power; and, uniting church and state, as it invariably does, makes a tool of it, so as to destroy every trace of liberty. For the evidence of this I appeal to the voice and history of all Europe. page 41 I allude to her memorable words in the notes of the Rheimish version, in Matthew xiii. 6: -- "The good must tolerate the evil, when it is so strong that it cannot be redressed without danger, and disturbance of the whole church ... otherwise where ill men, be they heretics, or other malefactors, may be punished without disturbance, and hazard of the good, they may, and ought, by public authority, either spiritual or temporal, to be chastised, or executed." page 46 But here is the decree of the Council of Trent ; Rule IV. of the Congregation of the Index. " Cum experimento, &c. It is manifest from experience, that if the Holy Bible, translated into the vulgar tongue, be indiscriminately allowed to everyone, the rashness of men will cause more evil than good to arise from it." Here I beg my reader to notice an imposture universally on the lips of the papists. They avow that they prohibit only " Protestant and heretical versions of the Bible." Whereas this decree of Trent positively prohibits the use of the Bible in any vernacular tongue of the people. Hence Pope Pius VII., in 1816, in a bull, de- nounced the Bible Societies as " a pestilence," " a crafty device," " a defilement 'of the faith, most dangerous to souls." See his Letter to the Arch- bishop of Gnezn. And Pope Leo XII. utters his curse against them in the most intemperate lan- guage. By this promiscuous distribution of the Bible to the people in their own tongue, says he, " the gospel of Christ is turned into a human gospel; or what is worse, into the gospel of the devil !" See his Circular Letter of 1824, pp. 16, 54-57. Cramp, p. 60. page 50 ... Popery, on the contrary, spreads vice, disorder, crimes, and universal confusion, just in proportion to the extent of its influence. We need only appeal to facts. Compare Spain with Hol- land ; Italy and Austria with England; Ireland with Scotland ; Mexico and Canada with the Uni- ted States. In all Protestant lands property is safe, and life is respected; the law reigns. " In Ireland, " says Mr. Beresford, " the assassin walks out in noonday; and murders are committed in cold blood, even before multitudes ; and terrified juries dare not convict, as they would share the same fate." " Compare even Ireland with herself," says that native of Ireland,-" Ulster is nearly all Protes- tant ; Leinster, Connaught, and Munster, are almost entirely popish. In Ulster crime is rare ; the law takes its course ; life is safe. There are more mur- ders in some of the single popish counties in one year, than there are in Protestant Ulster in five years ; notwithstanding this additional appalling fact, that in nineteen cases out of twenty, the crim- inals in Ulster are papists !!" And over our own land, crimes, mobs, and endless scenes of disorder, increase in every city, town, and village, in pro- portion as papists congregate and increase ! This fact is perfectly obvious to every American citizen. I have myself watched the progress of popery and crime for nearly the last thirty years, and have ob- served that the influx of popery is, to the most appalling degree, rapidly assimilating our morals tu those of the papal districts of Europe ! There are, besides this, two principles of popery, which necessarily lead to dissolve even the bonds of civil society. The first is, " that no faith is to page 51 be kept with heretics." .It is true, both priest and lay papist are anxious to deny the existence of this dogma. The reason is obvious,-they.are at pres- ent the minority. . And it is one of those dogmas that are to be scrupulously carried into practice, only when they are the majority, and have the power. I beg to refer to the note of, the Rhemish version of Matt. xiii. 6, for proof of this. This dogma has been enacted into a doctrine by popes, saints, and councils. I shall give a specimen of each. Gregory IX. in Decret. Greg. Lib. v. Tit. 7, enacted thus : -- " Be it known to, all who are under the dominion of heretics, that they are set free from every tie of fidelity and duty to them ; all oaths and solemn agreement to the contrary, notwith- standing." Pope Innocent VIII., in his bull for the extirpa- tion of the Vaudois, " commands persons of all classes and ranks, reverently to obey the apostolical orders, and to abstain from all commerce with the said heretics ;"--" that they who are bound by con- tracts, or in any other manner, to pay or assign any thing to these heretics, are not, henceforth, obli- ged to do so, nor can they be, in any way, compelled to do it." These bulls have never been revoked; they are in full force as the common law of papal lands, to this day. I challenge all the bishops or the Roman Catholic church to produce a bull of the pope revoking them, or even disapprovjng of their spirit. St. Thomas Aquinas taught, " that a Catholic might deliver over a heretic to the judges, even although he had pledged his faith to him by an oath. See Bruce's Free Tkoughts, &c. p,ll9. page 52 Pope Gregory VII., in a council at Rome, thus enacted,-" We, following the statutes of our pre- decessors, do, by our apostolic authority. absolve all those from their oath of fidelity, who are bound to excommunicated persons, either by duty, or oath ; and we unloose them from every tie of obedience," &c. Decret. 2. part. caus. 15. quaest. 6. These laws were ratified by other threc popes. See Bulla Corp. Juris Canon. praefixa. And history informs us that no crowned head in Europe esca- ped the thunder of the Vatican, who rebelled against the pope. And in every extremity, the people were page 53 absolved from all allegiance to their rulers, and all obedience to the laws of the land. ... page 55 The priests' oath contains this clause:--" Omnia a sacris, &c,--All things defined by the canons, and general councils, and especially by the synod of Trent," [and these have declared the pope their absolute sovereign in temporals, and spirituals,] " I undoubtedly receive, and profess ; and all things contrary to them, I reject, and curse," &c.--" And, this Catholic faith I will teach and enforce on my dependants and flock." See Bulla P. Pii. IV.-- The popish bishop's oath begins thus :-" Ego ab hac hora, &c.--I from this hour will be faithful and obedient to my Lord, the pope," &c. And he is as much a temporal prince, as a spiritual. And page 56 this is the closing sentence :--" To the utmost of my power, I will observe the pope's commands,"-- temporal, of course, and spiritual, for so the pope explains his own oath,--" AND I WILL MAKE OTHERS OBSERVE THEM; and I will impugn and persecute all heretics, and all rebels, to my Lord, the pope." See Pontif. Roman. De consec. elect. in Episcop. p. 57. page 61 The canons of popery proclaim a war of extermination against the schoolmaster, wherever he appears abroad. I call on my reader to cast his eyes over all popish lands; and look at the painful evidence of this fact. The great mass of the people in all these lands, are universally ignorant, degraded, and brutalized. page 63 Another melancholy proof of the hostility of popery to POPULAR EDUCATION, is displayed in the rules of the Indexes Expurgatory, and Prohibitory. These Indexes I have examined; and I find, in some instances, certain portions, -- in other instances, the whole, of the most valuable books, prohibited, as well as the Holy Bible. Yes, the Holy Scriptures, and the standard English works on theology, and moral philosophy, and in poetry, are condemned and prohibited books! And no true Roman Catholic may dare to have these works in his house, or read them, without a written license from the spiritual keeper of his conscience. The following are among the proscribed:--Addison, Algernon Sydney, Lord Bacon, George Buchanan, page 64 Sir Mathew Hale, John Locke, Milton, Mosheim, Robertson's Histories, Roscoe, Cowper, Young, Walton's Polyglott, Usher, Jeremy Taylor, and all the worthies of the Presbyterian and Episcopal churches! See Cramp's Text Book, p. 376. And here I shall subjoin the Canon of the Council of Trent, De Libris prohibitis, Regula 10: "Finally, it is enjoined on all the faithful, that no one presume to keep, or to read, any books contrary to these rules; or prohibited by these Indexes." -- "And if any shall do so, he incurs the sentence of excommunication." For, "it is a mortal sin." ... In every department of the higher branches of literature, Roman Catholic countries, are centuries behind the brilliant progress of Protestant countries. This is confirmed by the united testimony of every traveller who chooses to speak out. ... So late as 1633, Pope Urban,and his learned inquisitors, condemned the philosophy of the immortal Galileo, in the following words: "1st. The proposition that the sun is the centre of the world, and immoveable from its place, is [page 65] absurd, philosophically false, and formally heretical; because expressly contrary to the holy Scriptures. 2d. The proposition that the earth is not the centre of the world, nor immoveable; but that it moves, and also has a diurnal motion, is also absurd, philosophically false, and theologically considered, at least erroneous in faith." See the Life of Galileo, published at Boston, 1832, pp. 179, 180. page 67 By the doctrine of INTENTION, the Romish priesthood wields a tremendous despotism over the human mind. ... It is thus set forth in the decree of the Council of Trent; session VII. De sacr. in genere; Canon XI. "Si quis, dixerit, &c.-- If any one shall affirm, that when ministers perform, and confer a sacrament, it is not necessary that they should, at least, have the INTENTION to do that which the church does, -- let HIM BE ACCURSED." I beg to subjoin also, the words of the the Trent Catechism, as they throw a singular light on the reason of this unparalleled dogma of Rome:-- "Representing, as he does in his sacred function, not his own, but the person of Christ, the minister of the sacraments, be he good or bad, validly consecrates and confers the sacraments, provided page 68 he makes use of the matter, and form, instituted by Christ, and also observed by the Catholic church, an INTENDS do do what the church does," &c. p. 150. Cramp. 416. Now, let any one soberly reflect on this power, lodged by the church of Rome, in the priests' hands over her victims; and let him go over each of their seven popish sacraments, and he cannot fail to see what a tremendous instrument of despotism he wields over the souls and bodies of his flock. page 69 Now, if the INTENTION be wanting by some melancholy accident, of which a whole chapter is laid down in the pope's bible, called the Missal, or by the mischief of an unfriendly priest then, as every soul of the faithful is told by the pope, and the Trent Council, to believe, the sacred wafer is not "the body, and blood, soul, and divinity of Christ." ... And all this appaling mischief is continually in the power of an unprincipled priest, who can thus wantonly send a whole parish to the bottomless pit,--or purgatory, at least, according to the grave admission of every papist!! page 73 "What, Sir!" exclaimed a stout Irish labourer to Mr. D. in the village of Saugerties, N. Y., when he was asked why he did not resist, and defend himself against his brutal priest, who had publicly boxed him, until his face was covered with blood,--"What, Sir! strike a holy praste! What a wickedness! Sir, had I touched the holy praste, mine own arm would have withered from my shoulder-blade!" page 74 This fatal vassalage is sustained, farther, by the terrific claim gravely put forth, over men's souls, by pope, bishop, and priest, "to damn the souls of all refractory and rebellious men!" It is highly instructive, if not amusing, to see with what imperturbable gravity the Jesuit priests among us affect to deny this; and with what perfect incredulity the half Protestant smiles at the mere enunciation of this proposition. They even deem it slander in one who happens to be somewhat better read than they are, to set forth this veritable, yet shocking dogma of Popery! page 75 The creed of Pope Pius, which every Roman Catholic admits to be of the highest authority in his church, has also pronounced the sentence of damnation on all of us. "This is the true Catholic faith, out of which there is no possibility of salvation." Canon. et Decret. Concil. Trid. Appendix. p. xxii. See Cramp, p.451. In accordance with this doctrine of Popery has been the practice of Popes to utter their bulls of excommunication; and these included the exclusion of heretics from heaven, as well as from the church on earth. Let any one look into these bulls, and he will at once perceive the truth of this. The bull against Henry VIII is,--"the excommunication and damnation of Henry." The bull against Queen Elizabeth is--"The excommunication and damnation of the Queen," &c. page 76 The utmost efforts of the fabricators of novel opinions, and legend-mongers, could not succeed in getting purgatory enacted into a regular dogma and article of faith, before the council page 77 of Florence in 1430. ... purgatory, so manifestly stolen from Pagan religion! page 80 It has, with its attendant penances, masses, and absolutions, spread pauperism to an almost unlimited extent, over all lands which have implicitly submitted to this system of extorting enormous sums from men under false pretenses. page 84 The pope's maxim determines the fate of all the liberty and rights of conscience,-" Roma locuta est, causa finita est,"-what Rome utters is the only rule of faith, and morals, to her subjects. Men have souls and consciences : but they must use them simply, according to papal rules. And it is a mor- tal sin to think, or speak, or act, contrary to them. The following anecdote, a friend of mine has as- sured me, is genuine. A certain physician, still alive, when he was a student, went, on a time, to confession, for he had been of Roman Catholic pa- rentage. Howbeit, inasmuch as he was of a read- ing and reflecting turn, he had ventured to read what he pleased, and to employ his own soul in thinking, in his own 'way ; and he had thus trans- gressed the Roman Catholic rule of thinking by proxy! He happened, inadvertently, therefore, to say to his father confessor, " I think, Sir; it is so and so !" The priest, who was somewhat choleric, page 85 instantly kindled up with great zeal, and half choked with rage, exclaimed, "you think! And I pray you, what right have you to think? If I ever catch you thinking again, I shall place you under a penance that will stop your thinking!!" The young man never again went to confess. page 86 By his BAPTISM eery Roman Catholic is constrained to forswear his rights and liberty of conscience. In proof of this, I need only refer my reader to the decree of the Council of Trent, session 7th, canon 8, and 14, on baptism. "Si quis dixerit, &c. If any one shall affirm, that the baptized are free from all the precepts of holy church, written, or traditional, so that they are not obliged to submit to them of their own accord, let him be accursed!" "Whoever shall affirm, that when these baptized children shall grow up, they are to be asked whether they will confirm the promise made by their godfathers, in their name, in baptism; and that if they say, they will not, they are to be left to their own choice, and are not to be compelled (cogendos) in the meantime to lead a Christian life, by any other punishment than exclusion from page 87 the eucharist, and the other sacraments, until they repent, let him be accursed!" Thus every member of the Romish church is solemnly bound to believe, that all baptized persons are liable to be compelled to be, and to remain, the spiritual subjects of the Italian pope, under civil pains and penalties! And thus, as one has observed, "the Council of Trent has converted the institution of baptism into an indelible brand of slavery." Hence the true secret, why "Holy Mother" by a marvellous stretch of apparent liberality, does actually recognize the baptism of all -- even of us heretics! ... By baptism, as they hold, man is made a Christian, that is, a spiritual subject of the pope! ... But if those who are not baptized, do fall into her hands, she cannot, even by her own sanguinary laws, punish, until she has compelled them to be baptized. page 88 This is no idle or gratuitous supposition. I refer my readers, for proof and illustration of this, to the history of the pope's treatment of the Moors, and Jews, in Spain. He could not bring them under the reach of the inquisition, because they were not baptized; and therefore, were not the pope's spiritual subjects. By means of an army of priests sent out, and the troops of the priest-ridden monarch of Spain, the Moors were actually FORCED to be baptized, by hundreds of thousands. Then, on their "relapsing from Christianity," they were formally delivered over to the infernal inquisition. [here the statistics of Moors and Jews killed in Spain are given with a reference to Geddes.] page 90 The papal decree, denying to the people the right of reading, each man for himself, the Holy Scriptures, is another proof of what we have said on this matter. THe decree is this:-- "Cum experimento, &c. From experience it is manifest that if the Holy Bible, translated into the vulgar tongue, be indiscriminately allowed to every one, the temerity of men will cause more evil than good to arise out of it." See Rule IV. of the Congregation of the Index; and Cramp, p. 60 and 447. This rule condemns and prohibits all translations page 91 into any vernacular tongue of any people. Hence it must proceed from ignorance or some worse motives in the priests who attempt to soften this down, by alleging that the Trent fathers condemn only Protestant versions. Clement XI., in his bull against the Jansenists in 1713, condemned as heretical the following propositions: "that it is useful and necessary to study the Holy Scriptures at all times and in all places." "That the reading of the Holy Scriptures is for everybody." THese propositions the Pope actually pronounced "false, shocking, scandalous, seditious, impious, blasphemous." See Bullarium Magnum, Tom. 8, p. 118 and Cramp, 61. Pius VII., in the year 1816, denounced the Bible Society in these words: "It is a most crafty device, shaking the foundations of religion," "a pestilence," "a defilement of the faith, most imminently dangerous to souls." His Epistle to the Archbishop of Gnezn. Leo XII., in 1824, in his Encyclical Letter, pp. 16, 54, 57 thus utters his fierce malediction against Bible societies. "They stroll with effrontery through the world, despising the traditions of the fathers; and contrary to the Trent Council, they labour to translate, or rather pervert the Holy Bible into the vulgar languages of all nations." "And it is greatly to be feared," adds he, "that their proceedings ... will by a perverse interpretation, turn Christ's gospel into a human gospel; or what is worse still, INTO THE GOSPEL OF THE DEVIL!" Thus the highest authority of Rome has pronounced it dangerous and even a fatal sin, in God's own subjects, to translate into the vulgar tongue, page 92 and read that Book, which he has given them, as the only perfect rule of their faith; ... . page 93 It tells God Almighty that it will grant a license to his subjects, to read that Blessed Word, which he has commanded every human being "to search." I have seen a copy of such a license. The reader can see a specimen of it in Burnett's History of the Reformation. page 94 At length, however, even this miserable privilege was revoked by Paul V., who, in 1612 abolished these licenses. It was found to be a dangerous source of light and knowledge to reading men! See Mendham's Literary Policy of Rome, p. 136. This despotism over the human mind, by which a priest is constituted the depository of thinking; and made sole agent to choose one's religion for him, and transact the whole business of salvation, according to a regulated price of his proxy for heaven, has been actually defended by no less a man than Cardinal Bellarmine, in his work, De interpretatione Verbi Dei, Lib. iii. cap. 1,2,3. page 96 [Brownlee mentions how by extreme unction an impenitent sinner supposedly receives a full passport to heaven.] [Brownlee mentions how "a few well paid masses" will release a soul from purgatory, according to the Catholic Church.] page 100 No true Roman Catholic, except when among his heretical neighbors, ever thinks of speaking disrespectfully of those "Dark Ages." ... I beg to refer you to Den's Theologia, the text book in the Roman Catholic College at Maynooth, in Ireland, the principle Seminary for Roman priests. In the examination of its professors, and the bishops of Ireland, before the Royal page 101 Commissioners, in 1826, it is true, they denied the lending tenets of popery ; they denied their own standard books ; and even the pope's infallibility, and solemn decrees. This every honest man anti- cipated. Would Roman Catholics of the Jesuit school, or even of the more liberal Gallican church, refuse to testify any thing, to steal a march on her- etics, and to obtain the royal bounty of some twenty thousand guineas ? With all this testimony, uttered gravely on oath, about their loyalty, and veneration to the Protes- tant government, it is a point not deniable, that Dens's Theologia is one of the text books of that college to this day.* And here I shall give an ab- stract from it. The following propositions are set forth with laboured proof: "Prop. 1. Protestants are heretics, and as such are worse than Jews,and pagans." " Prop. 2. That they are by baptism, and by blood, under the power of the Roman Catholic church." See vol. ii, 77, 78, 114. " Prop. 3. That heretics (Protestants) are sub- ject to the Roman Catholic church." " Prop. 4, So far from granting toleration to Pro- testants, it is the duty of the church, to exterminate the rites of their religion." " Prop. 5. That it is the duty of the Roman Ca- ---------------------------------------------------------- *This is a bulky compilation adopted by the Irish Arch- bishop, twenty-seven years ago; and printed at Mecklin, 1815, in seven vols. ; and afterward published by Archbishop Murray, in eight vols. This book was solemnly approvcd of by the Irish prelates, at their meetings, in 1808, and in 1810. The printer to Maynooth college, issued, not long ago, an edi- tion of 3000 copies. It is this day, a publicly avowed text book of popery. This was demonstrated by our Protestant friends in London, at the late great meeting in Exeter Hall. page 102 tholic church to compel heretics, by corporal pun- ishment, to submit to her faith." See p. 79. 81. " Prop. 6. That the punishments decreed by the Roman Catholic church, are confiscation of goods, exile, imprisonment, and death." Such is the doctrine taught in Maynooth college, where the Irish priests are trained! The following is from the Jesuit Confession of Faith imposed on papists in Hungary, published in German, at Berlin, 1829 ; and translated in The London Protestant Journal of 1831. "We also swear, that we will persecute this cursed evangeli- cal doctrine, as long as we have a drop of blood in our bodies ; and. we will eradicate it secretly and publicly; violently and deceitfully, with words, and with deeds; the sword not excluded." Land. Prot. Jour. p. 210. And, finally, we present an extract from the cir- cular letter of the present pope, Gregory XVI., issued in 1832. " Atque ex hoc, &c. And from this most filthy source of indifferentism, flows that absurd and erroneous opinion, or rather mad con- ceit, that liberty of conscience is to be claimed and maintained by all! The way for which most pes- tilent error is prepared by that extensive and inor- dinate liberty of opinion, which is spreading far and wide ! Thence comes the chief scourge of a state ; since experience shows that, states flourish- ing in wealth, dominion, and glory, have fallen to pieces through this one evil alone, namely,-an un. governed freedom of opinion, licentiousness of public harangues, &c." Page 13, Dubl. Edit. 1833. Can any thing more be wanting to show clearly that the dogmas of popery are precisely the same page 103 they ever were, on liberty of conscience ? Yes; one thing more would show it--by fagot, and steel! Only give them numerical.power ! But, 6. How appalling is the evidence set forth in her deeds ! From what motives have the oceans of human blood been shed by papists ? To put down civil liberty ! Why have the millions of Albigen- ses, and Waldenses, been massacred by the sangui- nary edicts and arms of Rome ? Because these men vindicated the rights of man, and the liberty of conscience ! Why did the pope's vassals massacre fifteen hundred thousand Jews, in Spain? Because they claimed liberty of conscience ! Why were three millions of Moors butchered by Romish priests, and their bloody slaves, in Spain? Because they would not yield up their consciences to men compared with whom their own prophet, Moham- med, was a pious saint ! Why did Charles IX., the King of France, and his masters, the Romish priests, enact the bloody tragedy of St. Bartholo- mew's massacre ; and murder, at the pope's bidding, a hundred thousand of the best people of the king- dom'? To crush religious liberty, and the common rights of man ! Why did Pope Gregory XIII., proclaim, on that occasion, a public rejoicing ; and lead the way, in solemn procession, to his temples, and cause a medal to be struck to?'1 To commemo- rate his bloody victory over the religious rights of man, and the liberty of conscience. Why were the sanguinary wars waged in Holland, by the Duke of Alva ; and myriads sacrificed by him in cold blood ? It was a war against the genius of reli- gious freedom, and the sacred rights of human con- page 104 science ! Why did that proud slave, Louis XIV., at the haughty pope's bidding, murder, and exile unnumbered myriads of tho most industrious, and moral subjects of his own kingdom ? Because he had humbled himself to become voluntarily, the pope's principal executioner, among the crowned heads of Europe, to destroy religious liberty, and the rights of conscience ! Why were the horrid flames of Smithfield lighted up in England, in the Marian persecution? Because the demon of po- pery, and the pope's handmaid, Queen Mary, were bent on another desperate experiment to annihilate the religious liberty of England ! Who moved the wild Irish Catholics to massacre the Protestants of Ireland, in the first half of the 17th century ? It was the pope, and his army of ferocious priests, bent on a fresh effort to exterminate liberty and the rights of conscience ! Who caused the indiscrim- inate massacre of the myriads of innocent beings in Spain, and Italy, in the 16th century. It was the genius of papal despotism, in its bloody raide, to quench the light of the Blessed Rcformation, and annihilate the claims of religious liberty ! What moved the Spanish papists to murder fifteen millions of Indians, in South America, Mexico, and Cuba ? Why, it was the devil, and the popish priests, plot- ting in accursed league to compel men to renounce all claims to the inalienable rights of conscience ; and force upon these amiable pagans, a religion so sanguinary as to shock the most obstinate heathen ! In one word, the church of Rome has spent im- mense treasures, and shed, in murder, the blood of sixty-eight millions, and five hundred thousand of the human race, to establish, before the astonished page 105 and disgusted world, her fixed determination to an- nihilate every claim set up by the human family to liberty, and the rights of unbounded freedom of con- science ! 7, And last: The actual existence, and doings of the Inquisition, manifest the practical doctrine of popery on this matter. The court, so appropriate- ly named by all civilized men, THE INFERNAL INQUISITION, was at no time, or in any sense, a civil tribunal. It remained for Bishop England, who wears the honours of " Inquisitor General of the United States," to labour to palm off this im- posture on a few old women in Baltimore--the archbishop was one of their number,--that it was " ever and ever a civil tribunal ; and none of Holy Mother's spiritual courts." But it did originate with priests ; it has always been the tool of priests ; no laymnn ever did pre- side over it. None but Romish priests could have invented it ; none but priests could endure it ; none but ecclesiastics have been inquisitors. This is the unbroken testimony of history. And in an- other place, I shall show that this ghostly court claimed power above, and independent of even sov- creign princes. The following table, extracted from Llorente's History of the Inquisition, the most recent publica- tion on the subject, exhibits the number of persons who were its victims, in Spain, from 1482 to 1808, inclusive-a period of 327 years. During that period the number burnt alive was ... 34,658 Burnt in effigy ... 18,014 Condemned to the galleys and prisons ... 288,219 In the table are several items worthy of particular notice. Under the administration of the Inquis- page 106 itor Gencral Torquemado, from 1481 to 1498- 17 years, were burnt alive ... 10,229 Burnt in effigy ... 6,810 Condemned to the galleys and prisons ... 97,371 Under King Philip II., from 1556 to 1597,--41 years --burnt alive ... 3,900 Burnt in effigy ... 1,815 Condemned to the galleys and prisons ... 18,450 From 1788, to 1806, condemned to the galleys...43 ---------- 419,599 A recent publication of London gives this sum- mary. Victims sacrificed under Torquemado ... 105,285 Under Cisneros ... 51,167 Under Diego Perez ; 34,952 Families destroyed by the Inquisition. 500,000 It has cost Spain in all TWO MILLIONS OF LIVES ! ... It was the annual sacrifice to the popish Moloch, who demanded of his vota- ries the blood of every man who shall claim the. rights of conscience, or advocate religious liberty. These he required to be burned alive on his in- human altars ! The bloody laws which enacted these human sacrifices, stand, all of them, unrepealed ; they are page 107 in full force to this day. We renew a challenge to produce a papal bull eondemning them; or even expressing the slightest disapprobation of them. On the contrary, every bishop, on taking the oath of fealty, swears that " he receives those laws and canons, and will, to the utmost of his power, im- pugn and persecute all heretics !" Yet, our half Protestants hesitate not to commend these enemies of the natural rights of man, as being just as good citizens, and just as holy Christians, as their neighbours ! " Oh! judgment, thou hast fled to brutish beasts: And men have lost their reason!" page 108 Chapter VII. Popery a Deadly Enemy to the Liberty of the Press. WHAT the true sentiments of the pope and his subjects are on this point, in our republic, we can never discover from the apparent unlimited toleration permitted to priests and the laity, to pub- lish books and weekly prints. Their real senti- ments must be gathered from their practices in . popish lands ; and from their Latin books alone. These we have taken pains to compare with the doctrines set forth in their prints, and their popular works in English. And we assure the public that we perceive daily evidence to believe that there is a regular organized system of deception practised on Protestants. By popular harangues in their chapels, and by superficial, but plausible books, which anyone can see on the tables of their approved booksellers, the Jesuits are now most studiously exhibiting popery under a mask. They have got up a marvellous system of absolute fic- tions. We have a perfect specimen of them, in The Reports of the examinations of the Romish professors of Maynooth, before the royal commis- sioners. The popery of these fictions is a pretty, innocent, harmless thing, bleeding under persecu-. page 109 tion! Such an exhibition of popery, at Rome, or in Spain, and Austria, would make the pope and cardinals hold up their hands in wonderment! Yet these are the fictions which the Jesuit priests, with the utmost affectation of gravity, attempt to palm on the American community as their " gen- uine, unsophisticated Catholicity !" And yet, there are a few peculiarities in these exhibitions, which, while they are designed to conciliate their foreign masters, and preserve the unity of Holy Mother, do most marvellously betray the cloven foot of " the Beast !" , They never admit of any change, or any reformation in popery ! How, then, do they attempt to reconcile popery, as they represent it now, with that which unshrinking history reveals as its true character in the Dark Ages ? Acting on the unrevoked principles of their fathers, who were accustomed to dogmatize and employ brute force against all reformers, they would, if left to the genius of popery, compel men even now to conferm in belief, and in practice, to all the rig- orous tenets of the system. But, now, those days of the popish golden age having passed away, they do labour to make men believe that popery NEVER WAS what men represent it to have been : that it NEVER WAS, at any time, any thing else than that same sweet, smiling, innocent angel, and perfect cherub, under which they now picture forth popery! They put the mask of virgin loveliness over the haggard and brazen face of " the Mother of Harlots ;" they adjust the fair robe of the queen of truth over the palsied limbs of the personification of all wickedness ; and cry, " Behold the image of Holy Mother !" And they call on a11 to bow down, page 110 and receive the image and mark of the Beast on the forehead, and in the hands! page 111 And after five years' experience in public dis- cussions with Roman Catholic laymen, priests, and vicars general, I can add another peculiarity of the men who sustain popery by pulpit declama- tion, and the press. It is this :-with an air of winning courtesy,-or, when it is necessary to suit the action to the word, with an air of ferocity, they charge on their antagopists the very errors, and crimes, which they anticipate to be charged from history, on their system. With the most provok- ing coolness, they take their position on the absurd- est and most grotesque errors, on exploded max- ims, and heresies long rejected by every reasonable man ; and they utter their perfect amazement that prejudice will so. blind Protestants, that they can- not see these to be the holy and pure revealings page 112 of heaven! Practising a system of logic which might have made a disputant respectable among barbarians of " the Dark Ages," they glory over their perfection in learning, and the sciences. They will admit nothing; they will deny every thing ; they will repudiate for effect, even their. own doc- trines, and their own. canons ! When the origi- nal has been produced, in their own doggerel Latin, and the priest confronted with it, as I once witnessed it done with a master-spirit of the Jes- uits, (Mr, H.,) he exclaimed, as he laboured to restrain himself;-"It is true-yes,-Ah !-these are the words, to be sure; but, then, distinguo ! -We do not take it in that sense!" They will publicly deny not only their own authentic dogmas ; but even the most authentic facts of history. The late Bishop Cheverus, of Boston, once denied pub- licly, in the presence of the Boston ministers, at a public dinner, that the church of Rome ever per- secuted, or ever slew one man ; or ever shed one drop of blood for religion! Even the worst acts of Spain, and even the St. Bartholemew massacre he denied; and pronounced them altogether fictions of Protestants ! I have the name of my reverend friend to give in evidence of this, who stood near him, and heard him utter this ! page 114 Again, 2d. One of the most painful evidences of the hostility of popery to the liberty of the press, is the existence, of the Roman Indexes, Prohibitory and Expurgatory. I find in one copy, a list of condemned books, brought down in due order to the year 1738: and in " Mendham's book," we have the list continued down to our time. These pro- hibit our finest English classics, from Locke and Milton, down even to the pamphlets published in priest Hogan's case, at Philadelphia: these, includ- ing even the bishop's book, are solcmnly condemn- ed, and must not be read ! See Mendham's Lite- rary Policy of Rome, p. 265. page 115 Listen, I beseech you, to your fel- low-citizens, who have returned from their travels in Italy, Austria, and Naples, or South America. In these lands the drawn sword of papal myrmi- dons is put to the throats of every public speaker, and editor, and author ! One unpopish idea,--0ne single charge against despotism,--one ,word in praise of liberty,-one innuendo against priestcraft, even although you say no more than that you have seen them in their priestly robes, at the cockpit ; and deeply engaged, publicly, in gambling, with their mistresses, and licentious companions: one appeal, even though feebly uttered, for a free press,-for pure Christianity, and the rights of human con- science, will cost a man his liberty, or life, in one brief hour! Men may be as wicked as any of the ghostly leaders of the fashion that way ; men may blaspheme God, and set heaven and hell at defiance, providing they do it with all due courtesy to the priests: they may, be consummate profligates, but it must be accordIng to canonIcal rule. Crimes and vices contravene no law, providing the church be respected, and her dues be paid! But wo to the patriot who shall whisper an insinuation, or print an effusion of a noble spirit, bursting with holy in- dignation against the hypocrisy, the priestly espion- age, and despotism of popery ! This is the only unpardonable sin at Rome. It can never be forgiven him, either in this world, or in purgatory! The dungeon cells, placed by papal care, at the bishop's service, in each cathedral ; and the cells of the in- quisition, and the agonies, and moanings,and shrieks of the oppressed, breathed only on the ear of heaven -these-these are the overwhelming proofs of po- page 116 pery's deadly hostility to the freedom of speech, and the press! ... 3d. The comparative barbarism of every Roman Catholic country, exhibits an irresistible demonstra- tion of this hostility to the freedom of the press. Villars has illustrated the influence of " the blissful Reformation, " on learning, and the sciences, in general; and the present condition of popish lands exhibits the immutable influence of popery. Just in proportion as the Reformation has been extended over any land, so have letters flourished there. Just in proportion as popery, with all its horrid train of debasing superstitions, and pollution, has been condensed in clouds, over a people, like the darkness of Egypt, that may be felt,-do learning and civilization linger there, centuries behind those of other nations! page 117 In Spain, a list of condemned books,-and they are such as sound scholars would pronounce clas- sical and standard works, in all Protestant lands, is annually appended to the church doors ; and no citi- zen is allowed to read these books; or even possess them, under civil pains of the most sanguinary na- ture. See Burgogne's Modern Spain, ii. p. 276, and an able speech of a Spanish patriot lately deliv- ered in the Cortes, proves beyond doubt, that ef- forts are made to perpetuate this state of things. " A sanguinary priesthood," said Don Telesforo de Trueba, " is sacrificing human victims to the God of peace and love;-men who wish to bring back on us the Dark Ages, the age of tyranny, igno- rance and death." 5th. Nor is this less manifest in the spirit of po- pery, in our republic. The rights of private judg- ment, and of free discussion by debates, or by the press, are most vigorously resisted by the priests. In assemblies met for discussions, I have witnessed tumults excited by priests; and even a vicar-general. We all remember the mob in Mr. M'Clay's church, in New York, which arrested discussion. We have the testimony of a most respectable Baptist minister, that that mob was excited by a leading priest of our city. We all remember the riot in page 118 Broadway Hall, which dispersed, for that evening, The Protestant Association. It was excited by hired intoxicated ruffians, calling themselves "CA- THOLICS." This spirit of violence, and hostility to free discussion, is abroad over the land. ... 1st. The words of the legate of Pope Adrian VI., to the Diet of Nurembergh, in the days of Luther: "I say, that the pope and emperor ought to be im- plicitly obeyed; the heretics' books burned; and the printers and sellers of them duly punished. There is no other way to suppress and extinguish the perni- page 119 cious sect. of Protestants." Life of Luther, by Scott, vol. I. p. 183. 2. The decree of the Lateran Council; in 1515. This is the substance of it,-that no book shall be printed without the bishop's license: that those who transgressed this decree shall forfeit the whole im- pression, which shall be publicly burned ; pay a fine of one hundred ducats ; be suspended from his business for one year, and be excommunicated ; that is, given over to.the devil, soul, and body, in God's name, and the saints! and no person allowed to trade, or deal or commune with him! 3. The decree of the Council of Trent, Session 4. " Sed et, &c.-But being desirous also of setting bounds to the printers, who, with unlimited bold- ness, supposing. themselves at liberty to do as they please, print editions of the Holy Bible, with notes and expositions, &c." See more in Cramp, p. 56 ; and the original Latin in p. 403. 4. The Circular Letter of Gregory XVI., the present pope, issued in 1832. " Huc spectat deter- rima illa, &c.-Towards this point tends that most vile, detestable, and never-to-be-sufficiently-execrated liberty of booksellers, namely, of publishing wri- tings of whatever kind they please: a liberty which, some persons dare, with such violence of language, to demand and promote !" Having next eulogized the Council of Trent, for its zeal in issuing the In- dex of prohibited books, he thus goes on :-" Cle- ment XIII., our predecessor of happy memory, in his Circular on the suppression of noxious books," (i. e. Protestant books,) "pronounces,-' We must contend with energy, such as the subject requires ; and with all our might, exterminate the deadly page 120 mischief of so many books; for the matter of error will never be effectually removed, unless the guilty elements of depravity be consumed in the fire."- " The apostolic See has, through all ages, ever striven to condemn suspected and noxious" (i. e., Protestant) " books, and to wrest them forcibly out of men's hands ; it is most clear, how rash, false, and injurious to our apostolic See, and fruitful of enormous evils to the Christian public, is the doc- trine of those who not only reject the censorship of books, as too severe and burdensome, but even pro- ceed to such a length of wickedness, as to assert, that it is contrary to the principles of equal justice; and dare deny to the church the right of enacting, and employing it." pp. 13, 14, 15. The Latin copy of this CIRCULAR of the present pope, I have in my possession. page 121 ... As certainly, therefore, as the same cause has been, for these centuries past, producing these same deadly effects, in Europe, and on our own conti- nent, so certainly will popery, if it ever should, by the wrath of heaven, gain an ascendancy here, an- nihilate liberty, and pure Christianity in our re- public! ... page 123 This is the maxim of Jesuitism: when- ever-- by a discovery-- any crime is about to be charged on you, bring that very charge, with the greatest assurance, against your opponents; and overwhelm them with confusion! page 124 ... But, in proportion to the zeal betrayed by the Jesuits, in denying their interference with politics, as a religious sect; disclaiming all ideas of a foreign conspiracy against our liberties; and just in proportion as they boast, with new-born zeal, their pure and disinterested patriotism; while they anxiously charge upon the Protestant churches, the very crimes laid at their own door- even so are we, in sober earnest, to believe pre- cisely the reverse of their asseverations! ... I beg to direct you to the history of Spain, which, at length, is beginning to raise her head from the dust; and of Austria, Italy, and Naples. There everything is exclusive and sanguinary. Utter a word against the priest, or his senseless mummery, or refuse to fall down before the wafer god, and the dagger is plunged into your heart! ... page 125 2d. The bull of the present pope, Grebory XVI, will silence all the priests denials on this point. [decree against the separation of church and state] page 126 ... But let me beg the attention of the American youth to one marked and essential difference between the British union of church and state and that of the Romish hierarchy. In England, the state makes a tool of the church. The state takes care to put in her own creatures, to lead that church into what- ever measures government may deem expedient and politically profitable to the men in power. But in the Romish politics, the church and the priesthood invariably make a tool of the state. page 143 [speaking of the Maynooth examination] Professor Slavin ventured, with astonishing assur- ance, to say, that "circumstances have undergone a great change; and these decretals of Pope Grego- ry XI. must fall, seeing the ground work of his decretals has been removed." See 8 Report, supra, p. 242, note. Does this unknown and obscure man, or his associates, take on them to rescind the solemn Canon Law of the Roman Catholic church? page 144 ... We quote Canon Law, therefore, as having as solemn an obligation on every true papist, as the common laws of the land have upon us personally, as citizens. This law vests in the pope, and church, A POWER TO DISPENSE WITH OATHS AND VOWS OF ALLEGI- ANCE. Hence, it puts into the pope's hands, the supremacy of power to set the people of any na- tion free from allegiance to their government ; and to set aside any oath, which a magistrate can ad- minister. Here is an extract of the law. Can. auctoritatis, 2, caus. 15, quest. 6, part 2. " A fide- litatis etiam juramento, &c.- The Roman pontiff can absolve persons even from the oath of allegi- ance, when he deposes rulers from their dignity." We have also three canons to the same effect. See Gratian. Can. Alius, 3 :-Can. Nos sanctorum, 4 :--and Can. Juratos, 5, caus. 15, Quaest. 6. See Demoulin, p.21. The glossa of John Semeca in Gratian, asks,- "For what sins may the emperor (or a magistrate) be deposed ?" The answer is this :-" Pro quoli- bet, &c.-For any sin, if he be incorrigible ; and not only for his sins, but if he do unprofitably man- age his regal power." See Glossa, ad Can. Si pa- pa 6. Dist. 40. The power of judging when a magistrate does " manage his civil power unprofit- ably,' is also vested in the pope. See Can. Alius, 2. Caus. 15. Quaest. 6.-Demoulin, p.21. Pope Zachary acted according to the letter of this law, when he deposed the king of France. By Canon Law the pope is invested with power page 145 to annul any civil law that may injure the papal interests. ... "All laws by which the office of a heresy detector is obstructed, or retarded, are null and void." ... "The goods of heretics are rightly confiscated." ... "Pre- lates, vicars-general, and their delegates, and inquis- itors, may enforce persons who have secular juris- diction to execute their sentence upon heretics." ... The following I copy from the famous Decretal of Pope Gregory IX. Lib. v. Titul. 7., cap. 13. "Moneantur, &c.-Let the secular powers.be ad- monished and induced ; and, if necessary, let them be compelled by church censures, that, as they de- sire to be esteemed among the faithful, so for the defence of the faith, they publicly take an oath, that from the lands under their jurisdictions, they will, with all their might, study to exterminate all her- etics denounced by the church, &c." " If they shall refuse, they shall be excommunicated: if they still page 146 refuse, they shall be deposed, their subjects absolved from their oath of fidelity; and 'their land set forth to be occupied by Catholics, who, after ex- terminating the heretics, may possess it without con- tradiction, &c.'" It is curious to see, how the Professors of May- nooth College try to get over this appalling law. " The Lateran Council which enacted this," says Dr. Slevin, "was not purely an ecclesiastical coun- cil, but a mixed one: partly secular, partly ecclesi- astical." And he quotes, with approbation, these words of Cardinal Damian ;-" Quod cum, &c.-- By the cement of charity, the king exists in the Roman pope, and the pope in the king ; the former, when there is a cause, punishes the delinquents, with forensic power ; and the king, surrounded by his bishops, will, by the authority of the Canons, dictate laws for the spiritual direction of souls." That is to say, because the pope contrives so to combine church with state, that " the king exists in the Roman pope, and the pope in the king ;" and, that moreover, this power of the pope shall be par- amount to all civil laws and magistrates,-there- fore, there is no danger in it ; and therefore it is not true that the pope claims any civil power! ! ! And he adds, with consummate skill,--" This de- cree did not respect sovereign princes, but petty power; " and, moreover, they were enjoined " to exterminate heretics,-not heretics as they are in our days, peaceable citizens, enjoying the protec- tion of the laws ; but heretics who spread danger- ous doctrines, &c." That is to say,-the pope only turned petty princes loose on heretics ; and these heretics were the feeble minority, who disturbed page 147 others by claiming their natural rights. ... page 148 [Speaking of a particular bull In coena Domini in which the pope claims unbounded temporal authority.] "They do not possess a copy of it,-- and cannot publish it!" says this Jesuit. Here are the words of the bull, sect. 25--30.--"Episcopi, nec non, rectores, &c. Bishops, and rectors, and curates, and presbyters of every order, shall have with them a transcript of this bull, and shall diligently read and study to understand it." page 149 ... Lastly: This extraordinary document is intro- duced with these words: "This bull--is always pronounced at Rome, and by all Roman priests, on Thursday before Easter." It has received the sanc- tion, and additions, from at least twenty popes. page 158 We alluded to the claims set up by Paul III., against Henry VIII. They deserve a fuller no- tice by us. The bull was entitled, " The damna- tion and excommunication of King Henry VIII." He sets forth claims, " by divine right, to the su- preme dominion over the kings of the whole world, anq over all people." He then deposes the king ; absolves all the English from their oath of allegi- ance to him ; and declares " all leagues and obliga- tions of Christian powers, contracted with Henry, to be null and invalid." How clearly does he here set forth this radical doctrine of popery;-namely, that " no faith is to be kept with heretics !" He next issues his papal orders " to all the servants of Henry, to all the soldiers, and sailors, to turn their arms against the king, and his adherents, to perse- cute them, and .force, and compel them to return to the unity of the faith." Pius V. also issued his edict,-entitled,-" Bull page 159 of damnation and excommunication of Queen Eliz- . abeth." In this, he says :-" Hunc unum, &c.-- Him alone, (the pope,) God has made prince over all people, and all kingdoms, to pluck up and de- stroy ; to plant, and build, &c." From " this supreme throne of justice,-hoc supremo throno justitiae," he hurls the thunderbolt of anathema at the Queen of England : and "commands the nobles, magis- trates, and people, not to presume to obey her." Sect. 4, And to complete the ebullition of the pa- pal despotism, he orders his vassal, Philip II., king of Spain, to arm, and invade England. But the God of Zion delivered England, and the Pro- testant religion, by a signal interposition of his di- vine providence. That prince's Invincible Armada was scattered on the ocean, and destroyed. "The Almighty blew upon them, and they sunk like lead in the great waters." page 162 Nay, the zeal of securing the stability of this power of the popes, has actually raised to these highest honors,--a place in the calendar of the saints, even atrocious assassins! For instance, what exalted to perpetual honors, the bloody mur- derer of the Henrys of France, and of the Prince of Orange? What raised a certain odious conspir- ator against his country, and his government, to divine honors? By what marvellous transforma- tion of popish tactics is a certain detestable conspir- page 163 ator, and assassin, converted into a saint ? It is a notorious fact, not generally known, that Garnet, the chief of the Jesuits, justly executed in England for his crimes, and high treason, by the hands of the common hangman, is now St. Henry, at Rome, and in Spain. Garnet, the personification of crime, and high treason, is worshipped as St. Henry, in popish lands ! O St. Henry, by thy intercession, and pure merits, procure for us the pardon of sin ! And why? Because he was the leader of the no- torious band of consipirators, who avowed, that the pope's power was superior to the civil power of England; and attempted to destroy, at one blow, his Holiness' enemies by THE GUNPOWDER PLOT! Hume, vol. iii. ch, 46. This power, which the pope claims of deposing, civil rulers, on account of their dissent from the Romish religion, was admitted by that great fountain of popish authority, the professors, doctors, and bishops connected with the Roman Catholic college of Maynooth. They admitted the histori- cal instances that have been produced. But, then, they are Jesuits. On their examination, they had recourse to their " distinguo :" their DISTINCTIONS. This, say they, in the face of all historical evidence, was not an article of faith with the popes, but only an opinion ! Yes ! even with pope Bonifice VIII.; before their eyes, issuing his decree, saying.--"We declare, define, say, and pronounce it to be of ne- cessity to salvation, for every human being to be subject to the pope!" Yes,with all his bishops before their eyes, formally receiving this; and none demurring,-still it was only an opinion-not an. article of faith! No ! not an article of faith,-- page 164 even though the pope pronounced the said condition to be essential to man's salvation ! So all this mischief of annulling civil laws, and deposing princes, and interdicting nations, was done -it is true :-but then it was done, say the Jesuits, not jure divino: but by jure humano,-by human, -not by divine, but by human right: it was done only by an opinion,-not upon the principle of an article of faith! In the midst of this shuffling, the royal com- missioners put the question to Dr. Slevin,--"Can you produce any papal bull, rescript, or decree, is- sued by the pope, declaring that the Roman pontiff does not possess, or has no title to exercise temporal power?" He replied,--" I believe no bull has ever been issued, disclaiming such a right, or declaring ~hat the pope did not possess temporal power." See 8 Rep. Irish Educ. p. 200. This is an important admission, taken into con- nexion with the fact lately made known in London, and which is producing the most salutary agitation in the British public, namely, that DEN'S THEOLO- GY, in which is taught the uncompromising pope- ry of the Dark Ages, on this point, is actually the text book of theology in that Roman Catholic col- lege ; and is patronised by the priesthood of the Irish church as a body! It can therefore no longer be denied, or even doubted, that popery does as much as ever, place the spiritual power above the temporal ; the priesthood, above the magistrate ; thc papal will and authority, above all princes, presidents, and civil government. The man that can gravely deny this, will deny even the existence of the Irish massacre of the Protestants of 1641 ;. page 165 and will maintain with Bishop Cheverus that the Holy Mother never persecuted; and that all the accounts of the bloodshed of millions, are but vile fictions fabricated by Protestants! ... But he attempted by a mere shuffle, to prove that "this power of absolving from oaths" was ad- mitted and exercised only in "spiritual matters." The question was then put to him by the royal examiners,--"Can you show one word in the Class Book, confining the proposition to spiritual things?" He explained, and evaded. "Admitting this to be your own explanation, the question is again put to you,--Can you find one word in the Class Book that does confine this power of dis- page 166 pensing in oaths, simply to spirituals!" He could produce none! See 8 Rep. p.173. The same question was put to Dr. McHale, an- other professor of Maynooth, who, after some jesu- itical evasions, in the use of his "DISTINGUO!" added this singular observation: _"A decree setting bounds to this power, and confining it to spirituals, is not necessary. The church herself will always point out the limits." See 8 Rep. p. 285. Yes, verily! Holy Mother will point out the limits ! Her benefit will decide when it is to be extended to temporals, in absolving all subjects from allegiance to their princes; and all citizens from their government and laws ! Her benefit will determine when " the spiritual subjects" of the pope are to be absolved from all bonds, leagues, and treaties with Protestant heretics! This re- mark of Dr. McHale has put Protestants into the possession of an extraordinary secret of Jesuitism. page 167 ... It is narrated of Philip III., King of Spain, that he was, on one occasion, so much overcome by the piteous cries of the condemned innocents at an Auto da fe, that he was heard to say, "How hard is it for men to die for their opinions and belief!" One of the spies of the Inquisition reported his majesty's exclamation to the Inquisitor General. Acting on the principle that the supreme head of page 168 the government was the pope's vassal, the Inquisi- tor sent a message to the king to inform him "that the Holy Office expected satisfaction of him for the crime of giving utterance to that sentiment!" And this officer of the pope would not be appeas- ed until the king consented to have blood taken from his arm. And this blood the executioner threw into the fire to be burned before the whole assemblage of Madrid! Thus atonement was made by having some of the royal blood burned by the Inquisition. page 169 The present Pope, Gregory XVI., in 1833, is- sued his bull against Don Pedro of Portugal. Having denounced him for "driving away form his court, the pope's nuncio: having wept over the audacity of the civil authority, who dared confis- cate the priest's property," (who were in rebellion against the government,) and over "laymen who rashly arrogated power over the church; and who page 170 proclaimed a general reform of clergy, monks,and nuns :" he utters the thunder of the Vatican, as in olden times. " We do explicitly declare, that we do absolutely reprobate all the decrees of the gov- ernment of Lisbon, made to the detriment of the church, and her priests: and we declare them null, and of no effect." Here before all Europe, the papal claims of the Dark Ages, are set up in our day. I am perfectly aware of the objection that has been actually made by the Jesuits, and repeated by some Protestants. It is this :-Every papist here, declares upon his oath that the pope has no civil power, or authority in the United States! I beg to give the same reply to this, which the celebrated M'Gavin has given to the same objection, in the Glasgow Protestant. " It will be replied," said he, " that our British papists declare upon oath that the pope of Rome has no civil power, or authority in Britain or Ireland. But this declaration of pa- pists, "even on oath,' is of no value, SEEING THE POPE HIMSELF HAS NOT MADE IT !" page 171 ... Another class, however, demand evidence some- what different from this. " It requires," say they, "the pope, and a council, to enact articles of faith. If the dogma comes from a council and a pope, then it has on its face the stamp of divinity." This evidence I am now to produce in the subject be- fore us. Eight General Councils have issued decrees ; in which they invest the pope with supreme tem- poral power. And the canons of these councils, each bishop and priest are sworn, by a solemn oath, "to receive; and to cause them to be held, taught, and preached by others." A copy of this oath I shall subjoin presently. page 184 The Romish canon law declares,--"Juramentum, &c.-- That an oath against the interest or benefit of Mother Church, is not biding on any one." Lemma, ad cap. Sicut. 27. Extravag. De jurejurando. page 187 In 1741, Pope Benedict XIV., issued the bull "Pastoralis Romani," &c. In the 15th section, he pronounces "all those excommunicated, who bring ecclesiastics before lay tribunals." This bull was laid before the Maynooth profes- sor, Dr. McHale, in his examination before the royal commissioners in 1826. He endeavored to explain it so as to mean nothing. ... [He said that the clergy had their own tribunals and could not be brought before lay tribunals.] The proper reply of his examiners to this,-- was the calling of the Jesuits' attention to the fact, exhibited in the said bull,--"that all persons are excommunicated, without exception, or without any limitation of time, or place, who bring Roman priests before lay tribunals." page 192 See Geddes' Tracts on Popery, vol. i, pp. 36--39. [About the Moors being compelled to become Christians or be exiled.] page 194 Every doctrine, every rite, every office, every thing in it has its price. Its seven sacraments are no- thing more than seven markets, opened as St. John beheld in vision, "to traffic in the souls of men." ... page 195 The priest charges from $20 to $500, and even a $1,000, to procure "repose for a soul;" that is to say,-- to release it from the fire of purgatory. ... And what no civil tyrant ever thought of, they are taxed after they are dead and gone! Their relatives must pay the priest no only their own soul-taxes, but taxes from generation to gener- ation, for their dead fathers, and their dead mothers, and their dead children! Were there ever such ingenious tax-gatherers under the heavens!! page 196 "I have a neighbor, a Roman priest, who makes his $12,000 a year," said a relative of mine to me, a few months ago, who lives in Mary- land. "This priest lives in H-----; along the line of the rail-road, he has had a thousand labourers in his parish; these he compels to the confessional as regularly each month, as the moon comes. Each of these, as is evident from the commissioner's statement, pay one dollar, monthly, for a full abso- lution. This gives him $12,000 a year; and he has besides, all the taxes on the other six sacra- ments!" page 205 And it is a fact, that they avail themselves of all these facilities. The Roman Catholics, as a reli- gious sect, move as a body in politics. Every body sees it, in all our cities. Their bishops ahve been heard to boast how many votes they can bring to the polls. It is no uncommon thing for the priest, after mass, to name the candidate from the altar, whom he commends his flock to support at the polls. I have in my possession a letter signed by tow eminent citizens of Monroe County, Michigan, page 206 setting forth that this was the practice of the priest there : ... . page 209 Now, does not every American citizen see that these tools, manufactured by popery--these men of "the mob spirit" have actually begun their operations against us? What an appalling in- crease of crime, turbulence, pauperism, and brutal mobs every year? Look around you, and behold! What are the elements of these mobs on teh rail- roads in Maryland, and New York? Foreign papists! Who caused the mobs of Philadelphia? Foreign papists! Who caused the mobs at our elections? Foreign papists! Who cause the unjustifiable riot of Charleston? The proud and impudent defiance given forth to public senti- ment by vicious foreign papists, from their den of pollution! ... page 210 Who holds it in his power to let loose mobs on us at his will? "I told him," said the Lady Superior on her oath, "that Bishop Fenwick's influence over 10,000 brave Irishmen might lead to the destruc- tion of his property, and that of others!" Who controlled the mobs of Maryland by a word, when the civil power was really not able to do it? The priest, a subject of a foreign power! ... Who have their dungeon cells under their cathedrals, in which they claim, as inquisitors of page 211 their own diocess, to imprison free men in our republic? Foreign popish bishops! And the facts respecting a man being so confined and scourged, in the cells at Baltimore, until he re- canted, have been published, and not to this day contradicted! ... Who are in the habit of uttering ferocious threats "to assassinate and burn up" those Protestants who successfully oppose Romanism? The foreign papists! I have in my possession the evidence of no less than six such inhuman threatenings against myself. Who are in the habit of bullying and insult- ing native Americans; and loudly boasting that, in a short time, the Catholics will have the power; and that the effectual plans are now in full opera- tion to give them the complete victory over the Yankees? Foreign papists, even of the poorest and most ignorant classes; and who, therefore, can have learned these things only from their spiritual guides! ...