| Programming idioms | For example, particular uses of nested classes in C++, interfaces in Java, cascaded calls in Smalltalk,... |
| Coding idioms | For example the C idiom: while(*dest++ = *src++); |
| Data structures | For example, trees and buffers. |
| Algorithms | For example, those for parallel processing. |
| Protocols | For example, those used in concurrent object systems. |
| Development of new frameworks (sets of extensible classes) | For example, those for UI toolkits |
| Use of existing frameworks | For example OpenDoc, JavaBeans, ... |
| Analysis models | For example, those dealing with accounting rules |
| System Architecture | For example, Blackboard and Broker architectures |
| Development organization | For example, development team structure and dynamics |
| Development process | For example, steps and strategies in OO analysis and design. |